Environmental aspects of innovative technologies in the conditions of crisis phenomena in Ukraine

Abstract

The ecological aspect of the legislative framework for the organization and implementation of innovative activities in Ukraine has been studied. Environmental innovations are a separate segment of the general innovation market. Interest in the implementation of environmental innovations demonstrates the concern of society about the state of environmental problems. The purpose of the work is to study the dynamics of the introduction of innovative technologies in recent years, their environmental aspects and the impact of crisis phenomena in Ukraine on them. The research methods are the analysis of statistical data on the innovative activity of industrial enterprises, given in the materials of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine and its regional bodies The main results of the study are as follows. An analysis of the definition of the concept of "ecological innovation" was carried out - it is a set of progressive technical and technological changes in production that contribute to the transition to new ecological technologies. The goal of implementing environmental innovations is to reduce the use of natural resources, increase the level of environmental safety, and minimize the negative impact on the environment. Taking into account the ecological aspect contributes to the development of a closed cycle economy. In the Dnipropetrovsk region, a powerful production and scientific and technical potential has been formed, which has a positive effect on the possibility of carrying out innovative activities. Despite this, only 12.5% of enterprises are engaged in such activities. These are mainly metallurgical, machine-building and food industry enterprises. When analyzing the directions of innovation, it can be seen that the ecological aspect is not singled out in the implemented new technological processes and productions. The crisis processes in Ukraine that had an impact on the dynamics of innovative activity in Ukraine and its regions over the past 5 years were the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia's aggression. Surveys have shown that in modern conditions, the implementation of innovations, including ecological ones, is not relevant for a third of the enterprises, and a significant part of the enterprises reduced the costs of innovative activities during the war. It has been studied that crisis phenomena in Ukraine have different effects on the interest of enterprises to carry out innovative activities. The presence of an economic crisis and a difficult political situation significantly reduce the costs of innovation, while social factors do not significantly affect the introduction of innovative products, technologies and services.