Innovative Transformations of Science-Intensive Industries in the National Economy of Azerbaijan: from Engineering to a Developed ICT Sector

Samira Abasova

Authors

Samira Abasova Economy institute of Azerbaijan Ministry of Science and Education, Baku, Azerbaijan Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7059-7664

Abstract

Azerbaijan exports to other countries not only processed agricultural products, but also science-intensive and high-tech ICT services. If until 1990 the science-intensive industries of Azerbaijan were oil engineering, machine tool building, shipbuilding, instrument making, electrical engineering, then since 2013 Azerbaijan has become a space power and science-intensive and high-tech industries have become telecommunications and the ICT sector.

If the share of manufactured machine-building equipment in the world's imports and exports is now 0.1%, then the share of the turnover of ICT services in the world is equal to 14%. This study examines the role of innovative transformations in science-intensive and high-tech sectors of national economy of Azerbaijan. In 2021 the share of exports with high technological intensity increased to 13.6%, and imports with high technological intensity increased to 2.3%. Export of creative goods increased by 25 points for 2022. The volume of import and export operations on computer services has continued to increase since 2016 - in 2020, imports increased by 1.5 times compared to 2016, and exports increased by 167.8%. Let’s investigate the role innovations in science intensive sector of national economy of Azerbaijan from 1920-2023 years.

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